For most adults, the first brush with money management came in the form of a porcelain pig. A nickel here or a Naira there for every chore completed or good deed. Financial responsibility, for the most part, stopped with the piggy bank. Many of the Echo Boomer generation—those born between the 1970s and early 1990s—agree that learning how to spend, save, and invest wisely just wasn't a part of life's lessons growing up. "I wish I understood the value and attributes of money at a young age," says Christopher Rogers, a 33-year-old, New York native and associate director at a financial services firm. "Although I grew up around a successful family, no one instilled the value of money in me until I began to do it myself, and fairly recently, too." Indeed, piggy banks may not be enough to impress healthy saving habits in young people. Especially these days, many Americans are kicking themselves for being reactionary to the Great Recession, scrimping and saving only after things hit rock bottom. Now faced with a deteriorating job market, fragile housing market, and the threat of a double-dip recession, more consumers are reshaping their spending habits and are showing a renewed commitment to saving—behaviour we haven't seen in recent decades. The generation born during the Great Depression that went on to fight in World War II, which Tom Brokaw deemed "the greatest generation any society ever produced," had to pull itself up by its bootstraps to put food on the table. At the same time, they bequeathed to subsequent generations a life with considerable aplomb and privilege, distorting notions of what it means to work hard, survive, sacrifice, and value every Naira earned. According to a Fidelity Investments study, on average, Generation Y individuals hold more than three credit cards with one-fifth carrying a balance greater than $10,000 and 1 in 4 believing they will never be free of credit card debt during their lifetime. Parents nowadays are learning from their own mistakes, and finding themselves more mindful than ever of passing down solid financial habits to their kids. Be committed. "Like mastering a new language, developing athletic skills, or becoming a master musician, financial fluency requires time, practice, intention, the acquisition of financial language and values," says Joline Godfrey,who stresses the importance of being committed to your child's financial literacy. "This is a process, not an event, and parents who begin early find that good financial values and behavior are more deeply integrated into children's life skills and habits if they are as consistent and clear about their financial expectations as they are about brushing teeth and doing homework … Most parents understand that a couple of hours on the tennis court would not be enough to prepare a young person for competition. Similarly, a badly managed allowance and a few lectures on 'spending less' are not a financial education!" Money does not grow on trees. Nor does it magically appear from ATMs. Children should learn from a very early age that they have to work to earn money. Ask them: "Do you know where money comes from?" If you go to the bank or withdraw money from an ATM, explain to your child that it is your money coming out of your bank account and that you worked for that money.
Provide a weekly allowance. Parents can pay their child a weekly allowance for completing household chores, whether it's doing the dishes, mowing the lawn, cleaning up their room, baby-sitting, or any other age-appropriate task. You can track chores or good behaviour on a chart, checking off what they accomplished that day. By week's end, you can pay them for their accomplishments. Divvy up the weekly allowance into different envelopes, such as "entertainment," "clothes," or "savings."
Show them your monthly bills. There's no need to get too granular with your personal finances, but showing your children bills such as mortgage, electricity, utility, cable, and car insurance helps them understand what it costs to run a household. You can even show them your banking statements. This will help them learn how deposits and withdrawals are made.
Go shopping together. The supermarket is a great way to show kids how to save money. You can use the items on your list and compare prices between products, to help children look out for less-expensive brands. For the little ones, use relatable items, such as chocolate chip cookies or milk.
Get a job, create a budget. Once your child turns Sweet Sixteen, require him or her to get a part-time job. The money earned can go toward things that they want, such as clothing, tech gadgets, or entertainment—but only if it falls within their budget. Your child may not have enough money to spend on an iPod because of, say, weekly transportation or car-related expenses.
Start a savings account. Get your kids into the habit of saving by starting a savings account, to which they contribute a set amount each week. Set realistic goals and work with them on how they are going to achieve the goals. The account will teach them to save regularly. And reviewing monthly bank statements will help them to understand the concept of interest accrual.
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